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| Fast Facts About China |
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Government
| Country Name: |
People's Republic of China |
| Capital City: |
Beijing |
| Government Type: |
Communist |
| Political Parties: |
Chinese Communist Party (CCP) and eight smaller parties controlled by the CCP. |
| Executive Branches: |
Chief of state:
President HU Jintao (since 15 March 2003); Vice President XI Jinping (since 15 March 2008)
Head of Government:
Premier WEN Jiabao (since 16 March 2003); Executive Vice Premier LI Keqiang (17 March 2008), Vice Premier HUI Liangyu (since 17 March 2003), Vice Premier ZHANG Deijiang (since 17 March 2008), and Vice Premier WANG Qishan (since 17 March 2008)
Cabinet:
State Council appointed by National People's Congress
Elections:
president and vice president elected by National People's Congress for a five-year term (eligible for a second term); elections last held 15-17 March 2008 (next to be held in mid-March 2013); premier nominated by president, confirmed by National People's Congress
Election results:
HU Jintao elected president by National People's Congress with a total of 2,963 votes; XI Jinping elected vice president with a total of 2,919 votes |
| Administrative Regions: |
23 provinces (sheng, singular and plural), 5 autonomous regions (zizhiqu, singular and plural), and 4 municipalities (shi, singular and plural)
provinces: Anhui, Fujian, Gansu, Guangdong, Guizhou, Hainan, Hebei, Heilongjiang, Henan, Hubei, Hunan, Jiangsu, Jiangxi, Jilin, Liaoning, Qinghai, Shaanxi, Shandong, Shanxi, Sichuan, Yunnan, Zhejiang; (see note on Taiwan)
autonomous regions: Guangxi, Nei Mongol, Ningxia, Xinjiang Uygur, Xizang (Tibet)
municipalities: Beijing, Chongqing, Shanghai, Tianjin
note: China considers Taiwan its 23rd province; see separate entries for the special administrative regions of Hong Kong and Macau |
| Independence: |
221 BCE: unification under the Qin and Chin Dynasties
1st January 1912: Dynasties replaced by the Republic of China
1st October 1949: People's Republic of China was established |
| National Holiday: |
1st October - the anniversary of the founding of the People's Republic of China. |
| Voting Age: |
18 years of age. |
Geography
| Location: |
Eastern Asia. 35° 00’N, 105° 00’ |
| Area: |
Total: 9, 596, 960 sq km.
Land: 9, 326, 410 sq km.
Water: 270 550 sq km.
Fourth largest country after Russia, Canada and the US |
| Land Borders: |
Total: 22 117 km
Afghanistan 76km, Bhutan 470 km, Burma, 2185 km, India 3380 km,
Kazakhstan 1533 km, North Korea 1416 km, Krygyzstan 858 km,
Laos 423 km, Mongolia 4 677 km, Nepal 1 236 km, Pakistan 523 km, Russia (North East) 3 605 km, Russia (North West) 40 km,Tajikstan 414 km, Vietnam 1 218 km Hong Kong 30 km, Macau 0.34 km |
| Coast Line: |
14 500 km |
| Natural Resources: |
Coal, iron ore, petroleaum, natural gas, mercury, tin, tungsten, antimony, manganese, vanadium, molydbenum, vanadium, magnetite, aluminium, lead, zinc, uranium, hydropower |
People
| Population: |
1, 330, 000,000 (2009 est) |
| Ethnic Groups: |
Han Chinese 91.5%, Zhuang, Manchu, Hui, Miao, Uyghur, Tujia, Yi, Mongol, Tibetan, Buyi, Dong, Yao, Korean, other 8.5%(2000 census) |
| Languages: |
Mandarin (Beijing Dialect), Yue (Cantonese), Wu (Shanghainese), Minbei (Fuzhou), Minnan (Hokkien-Taiwanese), Xiang, Gan, Hakka dialects |
| Religions: |
Daoist (Taoist), Buddhist, Christian, Muslim |
| Average Age: |
Average: 35.1 years - Male: 33.5 yrs , Female: 34.7 yrs(2009 est) |
| Age Demographics: |
0-14 yrs: 19.8% , 15-64 yrs: 72.1% , 65 yrs and older: 8,1% (2009 est) |
| Life Expectancy: |
Average: 73.47% - Male: 71.61 yrs , Female: 75.52% (2009 est) |
| Literacy Rate: |
Over the age of 15 yrs: 90.9%(2000 census) |
Economy
| Currency: |
Renminbi (RMB) and referred to as the Yuan (CNY) |
| GDP(PPP): |
USD 7.8 trillion (est 2008) |
| GDP Growth Rate: |
9.8%(est 2008) |
| Budget: |
Revenue: USD 868.6 billion ; Expenditure: 850.5 billion |
| Inflation Rate: |
6% (est 2008) |
| Products: |
Agriculture: rice, wheat, potatoes, corn, peanuts, tea, millet, apples,
cotton, oilseed, pork and fish
Industry: mining and ore processing, iron, steel, aluminum, and other metals, coal; machine building; armaments; textiles and apparel; petroleum; cement; chemicals; fertilizers; consumer products, including footwear, toys, and electronics; food processing; transportation equipment, including automobiles, rail cars and locomotives, ships, and aircraft; telecommunications equipment, commercial space launch vehicles, satellites |
| Exports: |
USD 1.465 trillion
Commodities: Electrical and other machinery, data processing equipment, apparel, textiles, iron and steel opyical and medical equipment
Partners: US 19.1%, Hong Kong 15.1%, Japan 8.4%, South Korea 4.6%
Germany 4% (est 2007) |
| Imports: |
USD 1.156 billion
Commodities: electrical and other machinery, oil and mineral fuels,
optical and medical equipment, metal, ores, plastics, organic chemicals
Partners: Japan 14%, South Korea 10.9%, Taiwan 10.5%, US 7.3%,
Germany 4.7% (est 2007) |
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